
На чем ездили рыцари
#1
Опубликовано 29 Июнь 2005 - 01:38
Дартмурский пони (немного правда не рцарская) - https://www.imh.org/imh/bw/dart.html
Шайр (лошадь английских рыцарей, если верить миниатюрам) - https://www.imh.org/imh/bw/shire.html
Фризская порода - https://www.imh.org/i...w/friesian.html
Лузитано - https://www.imh.org/imh/bw/lusitan.html
Уэльский коб - https://www.imh.org/imh/bw/welsh.html
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#2
Опубликовано 30 Июнь 2005 - 17:46
По поводу немецких и так далее пород, материал будет чуть позже.
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#3
Опубликовано 02 Июль 2005 - 00:51
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The Knabstrup originated in Denmark. It traces back to the age of the Vikings.
The original size of the Knabstrup horse was about 14.3 hands. It had clean, dry limbs; large, strong hind quarters; and a small, refined head. Basic qualities included an easy and tractable temperament, and these horses were know for their speed and endurance. Since 1100 A.D. the principal lines of distribution extended rapidly when China opened its borders for trade. The Chinese used spotted horses to transport silk and other articles. Part of their main route crossed through France and Spain, which is interesting as the spotted horses were among the earliest to be taken to the Americas.
The aim in breeding Knabstrup horses today is to preserve the horse as a Danish riding horse, no matter what size. This is unique, because few breeds can present horses in all sizes. Today the Knabstrup is found in both ponies and full-sized horses.
The Knabstrup has a beautiful, spotted coat, occurring in many colors and variations. The breed is known for its calmness and friendly temper, intelligence, and aptness to learn. This horse is frequently used in circuses. Knabstrup horses are strong with solid dry limbs and strong hooves. The average height is 15.1 to 16 h.h.
Knabstrup horses have been used in the cavalry, as post and milkwagon horses, and as ordinary riding and work horses. Presently the breed is promoted as a riding and carriage horse. Recently there has been a good deal of crossbreeding and some breeders have concentrated more on color than on conformation. As a result, many different types are represented within the breed and the original type is nearly extinct.
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#4
Опубликовано 02 Июль 2005 - 14:30
Трех типов три коня, которые:
Для поединка, те, что зовутся дестриэ (destriers),
Высокие и крепкие и очень сильные.
А средние именуются курсье (coursiers),
Они более пригодны для войны и легки.
И последние суть ронсены (roncins); и ниже всех
Простые кони (chevaulx communs), которых излишне обсуждать,
Они рабочие, то есть мужицкого рода.
(Эсташ Дешан)
То, что форум многими гостями и потенциальными участниками воспринимается как сборище латентных пи...ров, как-то уже и не обсуждается... © Ульянов И.
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#5
Опубликовано 28 Июнь 2005 - 01:21
Липпицианеры - https://www.lipizzan.org/History.htm
Андалузская порода. https://www.ialha.org...ndahistory1.php
Цитата об андалузах специально для любителей спорить:
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Бельгийския - в летописях упоминается как Фламандская порода https://www.ansi.okst...horses/belgian/The Andalusian Horse is one of the ancient breeds of the world. Its origin in the Iberian Peninsula is documented by cave paintings and even fossil evidence. That horse domestication began very early in the region that is now Spain, Portugal and southern France is evident form ancient sources. These include cave drawings which are dated as being more than 20,000 years old and fossil skulls of horses showing the peculiar wear of the front teeth found in horses which crib (chew and grind at their enclosures) a nervous vice known only to exist in captive, confined horses.
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#6
Опубликовано 30 Июнь 2005 - 13:04
То, что форум многими гостями и потенциальными участниками воспринимается как сборище латентных пи...ров, как-то уже и не обсуждается... © Ульянов И.
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#7
Опубликовано 02 Июль 2005 - 00:46
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и ВартембургскаяHolsteiner - Also known as the Holstein, this breed dates back to the 13th century when it was bred on good pasture ground along the banks of the Elbe River. It is believed to have Andalusian blood and some Oriental. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the breed became popular as a powerful riding and coach horse and many animals were exported abroad - particularly to France. Because the Holstein proved too heavy for military purposes, the breed was refined by the use of Thoroughbred blood, and notably through the introduction of three Yorkshire Coach Horses in the 19th century. The resulting animal was one that was elegant enough for riding and driving, yet was strong enough for light farm work. A central stud, which stayed open until 1961, was formed in Traventhal, and Holsteins were once again exported, many of them to South America. Numbers declined again after World War II as farms rapidly became mechanized and the Holstein was still considered too heavy as a competition animal. Again English Thoroughbreds were imported from Britain and consequently, the present day Holstein is a much lighter and elegant horse. The neck is long and arched with high withers and a strong back. They stand at around 16 – 17hh, and all solid colours are permissible.
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и ещеThe history of the Wuerttemberger dates back to the 16th century, when
local mares of different types were crossed with Arab stallions. Later
also Trakehner, Normandy, Oldenburg and Nonius stallions were involved,
creating a useful and easy keeping multi-purpose horse for the
agriculture in the Wuerttemberg region. The breed registry was founded
in 1895, after the breed had stabilised, mainly influenced by the
Anglo-Normandy-stallion "Faust", born 1886. With the help of Trakehner
stallions the breed changed after world war II to a noble, medium sized
(average 163 cm) powerful type. This medium warmblood, suitable for
riding as well as driving, has a good overall appearance, with
impressive head, broad chest and heavy boned legs. Overall, it is a
robust horse, mainly seen as black horse, bay or chestnut. (1)
...
Wuerttemberg is one of the breeding region, which (like Oldenburg and
East Friesland) had to radically change the type of their horses. Once
the Wuerttemberg horse was a near-draft heavy farming horse, as needed
by the local farmers: strong, reliable, well mannered. But what was
good and demanded for centuries suddenly was not needed any more.
Therefore the breed had to change to preserve the regional horse
breeding. Todays Wuerttemberg horse is an elegant riding horse,
comparable with all the other "traditional" riding horse breed, but
still retaining the reliability and good temper of the old type. Today
on the grounds of the more than 400 years old stud at Marbach (the
oldest stud in Germany) an old breed has arisen in new glamour.
Exterior: Noble head, well-set neck, deep chest, high withers. Well
muscled, not too long back and broad, muscular croup. Sloping
shoulder, correct legs, hard hooves.
Colour: Bay, chestnut, black, few greys
Size: 160 to 165 cm
Usage: Multi-purpose sporthorse with good temper (2)
...
Wuerttemberg warmblood breed, located in the state of Baden-Wuerttemberg
Since the founding of the former Royal stables at Marbach on the Lauter
in 1573, which is active as state stud since 1736, horse breeding is
documented in Wuerttemberg. However, the breeding activities were
mainly unsuccessful due to the harsh climate, difficult soils and
frequently changing breeding policies of the different rulers. Only at
the end of the 19th century, by mixing in Anglo-Normandy and Trakehner
bloodlines systematically, good breeding results were obtained with a
warmblood farming horse. To change to breed from a farm horse towards
a riding horse in the 60's of our century, mainly Trakehner stallions
were used, of which the state stallion "Julmond" as founding father of
a famous line is still renown. This refinement gave the Wuerttemberg
breed some obvious Trakehner features. The size lies around 165 cm, the
main colours are chestnut and bay, also grey horses are common. (3).
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Но если Голштинская порода довольно распространена, то вот со второй гораздо сложнее. К тому же две последних породы уже 16 век.Zweibruecker Warmblut (Zweibruecken Warmblood)
----------------------------------------------
Local breed in the states of Rheinland-Pfalz and Saarland.
The earliest sources describing regulated horse breeding in the Duchy
of Zweibruecken come from the 16th century. Around 1755 the Duke's
Stables at Zweibruecken were founded. During the Napoleonic wars the
horses were confiscated by the French, during the Liberation war
against Napoleon by the Prussians and Austrians. The Austrians took
away from Zweibruecken the famous Anglo-Normandy stallion "Nonius" who
then became the founding father of the Nonius breed on Austro-Hungary.
During the 19th century breeding at Zweibruecken stagnated due to lack
of funding, which allowed no successful rebuilding of the breeding
stock. Bavarian subsidies around 1890 and the founding of the central
stud ("Haupt- und Landgestuet") which worked successfully until 1960
then started the re-appearance of the breed. The present state stud at
Zweibruecken, featuring 25 state stallions, is the smallest state stud
in Germany. Together with about 20 private stallions they serve about
1200 broodmares in the state. The breeding society Rheinland-Pfalz-Saar
combines the former breeding societies of Pfalz-Saar and
Rheinland-Nassau. The breed is based on Trakehner, Hanoverian,
Westphalian and some Thoroughbred bloodlines. (3)
Взято отсюда
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#8
Опубликовано 02 Июль 2005 - 11:13
Sarina, on 30 июня 2005, 16:46, said:
Юмор в том, что при изменении требований к лошадям они меняются усилиями заводчиков и очень быстро.Magnus Maximus , а почему сомнения-то? И в отношении какой именно породы?
По поводу немецких и так далее пород, материал будет чуть позже.
Дончаки, например, при введении армией новых требований к ремонтным коням за считанные годы подросли на несколько сантиметров (т.е. коневоды начали продавать более высоких лошадей). Источник - "Донская порода лошадей" М. И. Киборт, ст.н.с. ВНИИ коневодства, к.с.-х.н..
Урусов выразился ещё крепче. Он писал что старая донская лошадь и современная ему - совершенно разные породы.
Для реконструктора это означает что современные кони могут радикально отличаться от лошадей воссоздаваемой эпохи и по росту и по статям даже если название породы не менялось.
#9
Опубликовано 02 Июль 2005 - 18:00
shurale , прилив английской, арабкой или испанской крови и до сих пор не считается смешением. Например орловские рысаки у которых отец англичанин продолжают считаться орловскими рысаками. К тому же тяжеле немецкие породы (так называемые кавалерийские или военные) до сих пор активно улучшаются арабской и английской кровью. Если на то пошло вспомним что лошади деляться на чистокровных (арабских, ахалтекинскихи английских, а также андалузских) лошадей и чистопородных.
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#10
Опубликовано 02 Июль 2005 - 22:13
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The Irish Draught's history lies as much in battle as it does in agriculture. Written in 1 BC, the "Cuchulain Saga" describes mighty chariot horses of Irish Draught type. In the twelfth century came the arrival, in Ireland, of the Anglo-Normans with their strong war horses. Later, in the sixteenth century, trade between southern Ireland and Spain brought a strong mix of Spanish blood to the native horses. The Irish Draught has been exported in huge numbers into the armies of Europe since the Middle Ages. As recently as the first World War the Irish Draught served on the front lines in the thousands.
The hundred years from 1850 to 1950 probably did the most to shape the Irish Draught as we know it today. Agriculture in Ireland was mixed, with less demand for the heavy draft breeds popular in the rest of Europe. Instead, the Irish farmer needed a horse that could work the land but would also pull the dog cart to church at a smart trot and take the farmer fox hunting. The hunting farmer wanted a horse that would go all day and jump anything he faced.
The Irish Draught's movement is smooth and free but without exaggeration and not heavy or ponderous. They may be of any strong whole color, including grey. White legs, above the knees or hocks are not desirable. Their bones should be good and strong. Stallions average size is approximately 15.3 hands to 16.3 hands. Mares average size is 15.1 approximately hands to 16.1 hands.
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#11
Опубликовано 17 Июль 2005 - 00:48
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Потому, что в учебнике по коневодству написанно буквально следующее:прилив английской, арабкой или испанской крови и до сих пор не считается смешением
"Главные задачи племенной работы в коневодстве - повышение резвости лошадей верховых и рысистых пород..."
Если вопрос ставится: были-ли означенные породы в средние века? То конечно да.
Если вопрос ставится: так ли выглядели означенные породы в средние века, как те-же породы в наше время? То, по причине означенной в учебнике, скорее всего НЕТ. Я не думаю, что где-то в европе сохранилось захолустье в котором со средних веков пользуют только чистопородное разведение лошадей. А разведение по линиям и семействам уже за пару десятков лет могут поменять признаки породы, как это справедливо заметил shurale. А что-же можно говорить о 500 лет непрерывное селекции.
#12
Опубликовано 18 Июль 2005 - 10:28
Отважный риск и вкус к делам большим (с) Бертран де Борн
Хороший конь цены не имеет, а плохого и даром не бери.
реконструктор выглядит коряво, потому что он туп, ленив, косорук и жаден © Klim
#13
Опубликовано 29 Июль 2005 - 22:51
Насчет скандинавских пород существует порода не изменившаяся даже с момента своего возникновения. То есть сохранющая свой породный тип и экстерьер. Это фьордская лошадка, ее родиной является Норвегия, а отличительной приметой широкий черный ремень вдоль спины и шеи.
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
#14
Опубликовано 31 Июль 2005 - 03:27
- Что думает фриз, когда идёт через пешеходный переход?
- "... я виден, я не виден..."
Перевод немецкой загадки про фризов.
#15
Опубликовано 31 Июль 2005 - 14:24
А если серьезно, то нужно изучать стандарты и стадбуки пород. Это яляется информацией. К тому же во многих породах с 16 века принято рисовать картины с производителей, я посмотрю практиковалось ли такое фризскими заводами.
"В сражениях за истину последняя участия не принимает. "
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